Come up with【意味】 To think of or create something, such as an idea or a solution.
＜例＞ Can you come up with a plan for the project?
Hold on【意味】 To wait or stop for a short period.
＜例＞ Hold on, I’ll be with you in a moment.
Log in【意味】 To enter a computer system or website by providing the necessary credentials.
＜例＞Make sure to log in to your account to access the information.
Pick up【意味】 To lift or take something from a surface.
＜例＞Don’t forget to pick up your books before leaving the classroom.
Look after【意味】 To take care of or attend to someone or something.
＜例＞Can you look after my dog while I’m away?
Break up【意味】 To end a relationship or a group.
＜例＞ They decided to break up after years of dating.
Run out of【意味】 To exhaust the supply of something.
＜例＞ We ran out of milk, so we need to buy more.
Turn off【意味】 To deactivate or stop the operation of a device.
＜例＞ Please turn off your phone during the movie.
Check out【意味】 To investigate or take a look at something.
＜例＞ You should check out that new book at the library.
Take after【意味】 To resemble or have similar traits to a family member.
＜例＞【意味】 She really takes after her mother in terms of personality.
Figure out【意味】 To understand or solve a problem.
＜例＞ It took me a while to figure out the math equation.
Put on【意味】 To wear clothing or accessories.
＜例＞ I need to put on a jacket; it’s cold outside.
Bring in【意味】 To introduce or bring something into a place.
＜例＞ The company plans to bring in new policies next month.
Back up【意味】 To support or assist someone.
＜例＞ I’ll back you up in the meeting if you need it.
Call off【意味】 To cancel an event or activity.
＜例＞ Due to the weather, they had to call off the outdoor concert.
Settle down【意味】 To establish a permanent residence or calm down.
＜例＞ After years of traveling, she decided to settle down in a small town.
Look out【意味】 To be careful or watchful.
＜例＞ Look out for traffic while crossing the street.
Show off【意味】 To display or exhibit something proudly.
＜例＞ He loves to show off his art collection to visitors.
Bring up【意味】 To mention or raise a topic in conversation.
＜例＞ The teacher brought up an interesting point during the lecture.
Hold up【意味】 To delay or hinder.
＜例＞ The traffic accident held up the entire morning commute.
Back down【意味】 To withdraw or concede in a disagreement.
＜例＞【意味】 She refused to back down from her position in the argument.
Put up with【意味】 To tolerate or endure a difficult situation or person.
＜例＞ I don’t know how she puts up with such a noisy neighbor.
Cut off【意味】 To disconnect or stop the supply of something.
＜例＞ The storm cut off power to the entire neighborhood.
Break through【意味】 To overcome a barrier or obstacle.
＜例＞ The news finally broke through to him, and he realized the severity of the situation.
Pick out【意味】 To choose or select from a group.
＜例＞ Can you help me pick out a gift for my sister’s birthday?
Fill out【意味】 To complete a form or document by adding necessary information.
＜例＞ Please fill out this application form for the job.
Turn over【意味】 To change the position or direction of something.
＜例＞ Turn over the page to continue reading.
Call up【意味】 To telephone or contact someone.
＜例＞ I’ll call up the restaurant and make a reservation.
Catch on【意味】 To understand or grasp an idea.
＜例＞ It took a while, but eventually, he caught on to the new concept.
Sort out【意味】 To organize or resolve a problem.
＜例＞ Let’s sort out this issue before it gets worse.
Look into【意味】 To investigate or examine closely.
＜例＞ The committee will look into the matter and report back.
Come over【意味】 To visit someone’s home.
＜例＞ Why don’t you come over for dinner this weekend?
Hold up【意味】 To support or lift something.
＜例＞ The beams hold up the weight of the roof.
Come across【意味】 To encounter or find unexpectedly.
＜例＞ I came across an interesting article while browsing the internet.
Give in【意味】 To surrender or yield in an argument or request.
＜例＞ After much persuasion, she finally gave in and agreed to join us.
Set up【意味】 To arrange or establish something.
＜例＞ We need to set up a meeting to discuss the project.
Run into【意味】 To encounter someone unexpectedly.
＜例＞ I ran into my old friend at the grocery store.
Look up to【意味】 To admire or respect someone.
＜例＞ Many students look up to their teachers as role models.
Come up【意味】 To arise or occur.
＜例＞【意味】 A few issues came up during the meeting.
Get over【意味】 To recover from an illness or a setback.
＜例＞ It took her a while to get over the flu.
Bring back【意味】 To restore or reintroduce something.
＜例＞ The company decided to bring back the popular product.
Turn out【意味】 To attend an event or gathering.
＜例＞ A large crowd turned out for the concert.
Break up【意味】 To disperse or disassemble a group.
＜例＞ The protesters began to break up after the speech.
Look after【意味】 To take care of someone or something.
＜例＞ She looks after her younger siblings when her parents are at work.
Give away【意味】 To donate or distribute something for free.
＜例＞ The charity decided to give away clothes to those in need.
Put forward【意味】 To propose or suggest an idea.
＜例＞ He put forward a new plan for the project.
Show up【意味】 To appear or arrive, especially when expected.
＜例＞ She didn’t show up for the meeting, so we started without her.
Hold on【意味】 To wait for a short time.
＜例＞ Hold on a moment; I’ll be right back.
Take off【意味】 To remove or depart quickly.
＜例＞ Please take off your shoes before entering the house.
Bring in【意味】 To introduce or include something new.
＜例＞ The company decided to bring in a new policy.
Look forward to【意味】 To anticipate with pleasure.
＜例＞【意味】 I’m looking forward to the weekend getaway.
Show around【意味】 To give a tour or guide someone through a place.
＜例＞ She offered to show us around the city during our visit.
Turn up【意味】 To arrive or appear unexpectedly.
＜例＞ I didn’t expect him to turn up at the party.
Hold off【意味】 To delay or postpone.
＜例＞ They decided to hold off on making a decision until the next meeting.
Bring about【意味】 To cause or make something happen.
＜例＞ The new law will bring about significant changes in the industry.
Look after【意味】 To take care of someone or something.
＜例＞ Can you look after my pets while I’m on vacation?
Give out【意味】 To distribute or hand out.
＜例＞ The teacher gave out the assignments at the beginning of the class.
Call for【意味】 To require or demand.
＜例＞【意味】 The situation calls for immediate action.
Get across【意味】 To communicate or convey an idea.
＜例＞ It’s important to find the right words to get your message across.
Run out【意味】 To deplete the supply of something.
＜例＞ We ran out of milk and need to buy more.
Put forward【意味】 To propose or suggest an idea.
＜例＞ She put forward a compelling argument during the discussion.
Bring down【意味】 To lower or reduce something.
＜例＞ The company decided to bring down the prices to attract more customers.
Settle for【意味】 To accept something less satisfactory than what was wanted.
＜例＞ Although it wasn’t her dream job, she decided to settle for the current position.
Cut down on【意味】 To reduce the quantity or frequency of something.
＜例＞ I’m trying to cut down on sweets for a healthier lifestyle.
Go through【意味】 To experience or endure a difficult situation.
＜例＞ The family had to go through a challenging period of financial instability.
Hold back【意味】 To restrain or keep someone or something from advancing.
＜例＞ She had to hold back her tears during the emotional speech.
Turn down【意味】 To reject or refuse an offer or request.
＜例＞ Unfortunately, they had to turn down my job application.
Bring off【意味】 To successfully accomplish a difficult task.
＜例＞ Against all odds, they managed to bring off the challenging project.
Take up【意味】 To start or begin a new activity or hobby.
＜例＞ I decided to take up painting as a way to relax.
Go over【意味】 To review or examine in detail.
＜例＞ Let’s go over the important points before the exam.
Problem 1
A sign on a store’s door reads, “No shirt, no shoes, no service.” Tom enters the store without shoes. The store owner asks him to leave.
What conclusion can Tom draw from this situation?
A) The store owner is not polite.
B) Tom forgot to wear a shirt.
C) Tom is not allowed to enter the store.
D) Tom needs to wear shoes to enter the store.
Problem 2
In a math competition, the rules state that all participants must be in grade 9 or higher. Sarah, a grade 8 student, tried to enter the competition, but she was not allowed to participate.
What can Sarah deduce from this situation?
A) She is not good at math.
B) She didn’t want to participate.
C) She is in grade 9 or higher.
D) Grade 8 students are not allowed to participate.
Problem 3
The residents of a small town have been experiencing a series of mysterious thefts. The local detective, Sarah, has been investigating and has made the following observations:
Each theft occurred on a Friday night.
Each victim had posted their vacation plans on social media just before the theft.
The stolen items were always valuable electronics.
What conclusion can Sarah draw based on her observations?
A) The thief is a local resident.
B) The thief only targets people who post on social media.
C) The thief only steals on Fridays.
D) The thief is always after valuable electronics.
Problem 4
A teacher gives a challenging test to her students. She explains that passing the test requires both studying and understanding the material. John studied hard but did not pass the test. Sarah, on the other hand, passed the test without studying at all.
What conclusion can be drawn from the teacher’s statement?
A) John didn’t understand the material.
B) John didn’t study hard enough.
C) Sarah is smarter than John.
D) Studying is not necessary to pass the test.
Problem 5
A family is planning a vacation trip. The parents tell their children that they can go on the trip only if they finish their homework and clean their rooms. The children finished their homework, but their rooms are still messy.
What conclusion can the children draw from their parents’ condition?
A) The parents are unreasonable.
B) The parents are not going on the trip.
C) The children are not going on the trip.
D) Finishing homework is more important than cleaning the rooms.
Problem 6
A science fiction author has written a series of books featuring time travel. In each book, the protagonist uses a different method of time travel. The author has claimed that each method used in the books is theoretically possible.
What conclusion can be drawn from the author’s statement?
A) Time travel is real.
B) The author is a scientist.
C) The methods of time travel in the books are theoretically possible.
D) The protagonist in the books actually time-travels.
Problem 7
A restaurant has a sign that says, “Free dessert with any meal if you bring a friend.” Alice goes to the restaurant, orders a meal, and brings her friend Bob with her. However, the restaurant staff does not give her a free dessert.
What conclusion can Alice draw from the restaurant’s sign?
A) The restaurant only provides free desserts on certain days.
B) Alice and Bob are not friends.
C) The restaurant’s sign is misleading.
D) Alice didn’t order the right meal.
Answers
Problem1:D)Problem2:D)Problem3:D) Problem4:A) Problem 5:C) Problem 6:C)Problem 7:C)
Student: Hi Eione
Eione: What’s up?
Student: Did you know what happened on the east side of the Mediterranean Sea?
Eione: you mean the conflict that we hear every day?
Student: yeah… That was shocking. Why are they fighting?
Student: When something happened in the area, I always hear a word “Palestine””パレスチナ問題”. What is it? Is it a name of place or people living in the place?
Eione: It may be difficult to explain everything, but I will try to explain as simply as possible. It has been a region of battle since BCE.
Student: what is BCE?
Eione: What? You stopped there! Do I need to explain what BCE is? It stands for Before Common Era (紀元前). I hope you will continue to follow what is going to be explained.
What is Palestine? Where did it come from?
The name “Palestine” first appeared in the 5th century BCE. The name became more popular after the Roman Empire reorganized the region as “Syria-Palestina” in the 2nd century CE, following the suppression of the Jewish revolt. The name “Palestine” continued to be used by various states and empires that ruled the region, as well as by the Arab ethnic group that lives in or originates from the region, known as the Palestinians. The name “Palestine” is still used today to refer to the region and its people, although it is also a source of political and historical controversy. In short, Palestine is both a name of a place and a name of a people. As a place, Palestine is a region in the eastern Mediterranean that includes parts of modern Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip. As a people, Palestine refers to the Palestinians, who are an Arab ethnic group that lives in or originates from this region.
Student: I see. Palestine can refer to both a people and a region. However, why are there so many conflicts occurring in that area?
Eione: It is indeed a complex issue, with people, religions, and politics all contributing to the current situation. Questions about ownership and territorial rights are at the core of this ongoing conflict. As we discussed earlier, these arguments are recurrent. Let me explain the history of the region. The region of Palestine has been inhabited by many different peoples throughout history. Unlike Japan, which are bordered by the sea, there are many different ethnic groups of peoples going out and coming in the area. That area has been under the control of the powers that be. The Romans conquered Jerusalem in 63 BCE and destroyed the Second Temple in 70 CE. Their occupation lasted several centuries. When Roman fell, an Islam group took the place, for example.
Student: OH I feel like taking a history class. I’ve started to have a headache.
Eione: Yes I know it is as complicated as memorizing the years in Japanese history. The crucial aspect here is that Jerusalem is a place where people’s thoughts, faiths, history, and culture intertwine. It holds immense importance for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
For instance, the Temple Mount (神殿の丘) is a profoundly significant religious site in Jerusalem, regarded as holy by both Jews and Muslims. The Western Wall, also known as the Wailing Wall (嘆きの壁), holds great religious significance for Jews, while the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock (岩のドーム) are of utmost importance for Muslims.
Student: Muslim, Judaism, and Christianity; three of the world major religions all in one.
Is it a coincidence? or the place is really a holy place?
Eione: What do you mean by that? Well, it is not a mere coincidence. Although some differences can be seen now, their roots trace back to one key figure, Abraham, who is prominently featured in their traditions. Stories such as the binding of Isaac are common threads in their beliefs, and some of the scenes are said to have taken place in the area. so it is a holy land. Therefore, it is important to them.
Student: After hearing from you, I got all mixed up and seriously stressed with all that info. It’s just too much, so I’m calling it a day and heading home now.
Eione: You see. That is what happens. It is so complicated that by the end of a day you forget, no progress is made. It is a truly complex and complicated issue. People so far away from them find it hard to imagine what they are going through right now.
Student: I watch news reports and footages which are devastating. Is there anything we can do?
Eione: Every person has some power in the world. you watch things on social media and you write messages. You have responsible for what you say. to be responsible, you need to know the facts, and think and discuss what you can do. This has an effect on the world. It may not be big, but it has some effect.
Student: I am getting sleepy. I may be information overloaded. I think about this later today.
Eione: Good on you. take care.
Questions